How drug-eluting stents work. Graphic from Medpage Today.

Broken Heart Syndrome You Really Can Die of a Broken Heart - A Cardiologist Explains 6/2018 Chest Pain Graphic source: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/is-your-chest-pain-due-to-a-heart-attack-or-not-infographic/ Congenital Heart Disease Adult Congenital Heart Fact Sheet achaheart.org Anomalous Coronary Arteries (ACA) Texasheart.org Atrial Septal Defect CDC.gov Congenital Heart Disease MedlinePlus Congenital Heart Disease in Adults Coronary Artery Anomalies Texasheartinstitute.org Coronary Artery Fistula Medscape.com Facts about Congenital Heart Defects CDC.gov Five Facts about Congenital Heart Defects CDC.gov Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome CDC.gov Living with a Congenital Heart Defect CDC.gov Mortality From Congenital Heart Defects CDC Newborn Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease: Potential Roles of Birth Defects Surveillance Programs — United States, 2010–2011 MMWR 10/2012 Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease in Newborns Circulation 2014 Transposition of the Great Arteries CDC.gov Transposition of Greater Arteries (TGA) Society of Thoracic Surgeons Understand Your Risk for Congenital Heart Defects Heart.org Ventricular Septal Defect CDC.gov Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) Society of Thoracic Surgeons Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) Heart.org Acute Coronary Syndrome Acute Coronary Syndrome Heart.org Angina Angina MedlinePlus Heart Disease and Angina (Chest Pain) WebMD Prinzmetal's Angina, Variant Angina and Angina Inversa Heart.org Unstable Angina Arrhythmia Arrhythmia MedlinePlus Atrial Flutter Hrsonline.org Premature Contractions Heart.org Atrial Fibrillation Atrial Fibrillation CDC.gov Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Heart.org Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Disease WebMD Atrial Fibrillation in Children Heart.org Atrial Fibrillation Medications Heart.org A Visual Guide to Atrial Fibrillation WebMD What are the Symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation (AFib or AF)? Heart.org What Causes Heart Palpitations? Who is at Risk for Atrial Fibrillation (AF or AFib)? Heart.org Broken Heart Syndrome Broken Heart Syndrome - FAQs Hopkinsmedicine.org Can You Die From a Broken Heart? What happens to our bodies when the bonds of love are breached. 4/16/2015 Marital Spats Raise Risk of Heart Attack Livescience.com 2006 Calcifications Calcification: A Physiologic Defense NIH.gov Cardiac Calcifications Medscape.com Coronary Artery Calcification: Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Imaging Methods, and Clinical Implications 1996 Cardiac Arrest Cardiac Arrest: An Important Public Health Issue Cardiac Arrest: What You Should Know Cardiogenic Shock How Is Cardiogenic Shock Diagnosed? NIH.gov What Causes Cardiogenic Shock? NIH.gov Cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy MedlinePlus How Is Cardiomyopathy Diagnosed? NIH.gov Congestive Heart Failure Hospitalization for Congestive Heart Failure: United States, 2000–2010 NCHS 10/2012 Coronary Artery Disease Carotid artery disease Mayo Clinic Coronary Artery Disease MedlinePlus How Heart Disease Affects Your Body How Is Coronary Heart Disease Treated? NIH.gov What Are Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors? NIH.gov What Is Coronary Artery Disease? NHLBI/NIH Heart Attack A Visual Guide to a Heart Attack WebMD slideshow Calcium supplements: A risk factor for heart attack? Mayoclinic.com Change of Heart: Increasing Heart Resuscitation Time Is Backed Livescience.com 2012 Heart Attacks and Heart Disease WebMD Heart Attack MedlinePlus Heart Attack Symptoms: What To Do in an Emergency WebMD How Heart Attacks Strike Livescience.com 2006 How Is Sudden Cardiac Arrest Diagnosed? NIH.gov ‘Mini-Strokes’ May Increase Risk of Heart Attack WebMD 3/2011 Obesity Increases Risk of Deadly Heart Attacks WebMD Physical Activity and Anger or Emotional Upset as Triggers of Acute Myocardial Infarction The INTERHEART Study 10/2016 The Truth Behind More Holiday Heart Attacks WebMD Understand Your Risk for Cardiac Arrest Heart.org Unexpected Heart Attack Triggers Warning Signs of a Heart Attack

Heart Conditions Cardiac Amyloidosis Ahajournals.org Heart Failure Common Tests for Heart Failure Heart.org Heart Disease and Congestive Heart Failure WebMD Heart Failure MedlinePlus Heart Failure NIH.gov How Can Heart Failure Be Prevented? NIH.gov How Is Heart Failure Diagnosed? NIH.gov Living With Heart Failure NIH.gov Prevention of Heart Failure Ventricular Assist Devices Circulation 2009 What Causes Heart Failure? NIH.gov Who Is at Risk for Heart Failure? NIH.gov Heart Tumors Myxomas Merckmanuals.com Myocardial Ischemia Myocardial ischemia Mayoclinic Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) Sudden Cardiac Death Public health researchers develop model to predict sudden cardiac death Ventricular Issues Ventricular Fibrillation American Heart Ventricular fibrillation Mayo clinic Ventricular Tachycardia WebMD Aortic Aneurysms Aortic Aneurysm Fact Sheet CDC.gov Silent Killer – Aortic Aneurysms – Resolved Without Open Surgery Orlive.com Understanding Aneurysm: The Basics WebMD What Is an Aneurysm? NIH.gov What Is Cardioversion? NIH.gov Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Slideshow: A Visual Guide to Deep Vein Thrombosis WebMD Deep Vein Thrombosis/Pulmonary Embolism (DVT/PE) CDC.gov Surprising Causes of DVT Tips for Living With DVT Peripheral Artery Disease A Visual Guide to Vein and Artery Problems Peripheral Nerve Disorders MedlinePlus Peripheral Neuropathy NIH Peripheral Vascular Diseases MedlinePlus Thrombophlebitis MedlinePlus Pulmonary Diseases Clots and Travel Hematology.org Pulmonary Embolism MedlinePlus Other Vascular Diseases A Visual Guide to Vein and Artery Problems Are You At Risk for Deep Vein Thrombosis? CDC.gov Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI) Vascularcures.org Inflammatory Atherosclerosis; Characteristics of the Injurious Agent NIH.gov book Kidney Failure and Vascular Disease Vascularcures.org NINDS Postural Tachycardia Syndrome Pericardial Effusion Mayo Clinic Venous Thromboembolism in Adult Hospitalizations — United States, 2007–2009 MMWR 6/2012 What Is Endocarditis? NIH.gov Valvular Diseases Mitral Valve Prolapse MedlinePlus Mitral Valve Prolapse Kidshealth.org What Is Heart Valve Disease? NHLBI.NIH.gov

Cerebrovascular Disease - General Information

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Graphic source: http://www.wjmc.org/App_Themes/NeuroscienceSkinFile/images/WJMC-Stroke-Risk-Scorecard-Chart.jpg WHO classifies stroke as neurological disease 4/2017 National Stroke Awareness Month 2018: Stroke Can Happen to Anyone at Any Time 5/2018 Crucial Facts About Stroke NY Times video 4:53 Few Aware of Stroke Warning Symptoms Can You Name 5 Stroke Warning Symptoms? A New Survey Shows Most People Can't WebMD Five Things You Need to Ask Your Doctor About Stroke 9 Unexpected Stroke Symptoms You Need to Know 3/2017 Guidelines Highlight Key Differences Between Child And Adult Stroke Science Daily 7/2008 Let's Talk About Changes Caused by Stroke Heart.org Let's Talk About Emotional Changes After Stroke Heart.org Let's Talk About Feeling Tired After a Stroke Heart.org Let's Talk About Hemorrhagic Stroke Heart.org Let's Talk About Ischemic Stroke Heart.org Let's Talk About Lifestyle Changes to Prevent Stroke Heart.org Let's Talk About the Stroke Family Caregiver Heart.org Lost Chances for Survival, Before and After Stroke NY Times Majority of U.S. Women Have Limited Knowledge of Stroke Symptoms, Risks Healthywomen.org NINDS Stroke Information Page NIH.gov People having stroke should get therapy within 60 minutes of hospital arrival 1/2013 Questions and Answers About Stroke NIH.gov Preventing Stroke Deaths Progress Stalled 9/2017 Silent Strokes Linked to Memory Loss Alzinfo.org Stroke Facts CDC.gov Stroke - risk factors NIH.gov What Every Man Needs to Know About Strokes WebMd.com What You Need to Know About Stroke NIH.gov

Graphic source: http://www.strokeassociation.org/STROKEORG/AboutStroke/StrokeInChildren/What-is-Pediatric-Stroke-Infographic_UCM_466477_SubHomePage.jsp

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Cerebrovascular Disease - Medical Information

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Cerebral Aneurysms Understanding : Aneurysm Complications Bafound.org Understanding : Brain Aneurysm Statistics and Facts Bafound.org What You Should Know About Cerebral Aneurysms Strokassociation.org Cerebral Procedures Angioplasty and stent placement - carotid artery NIH.gov What Is Carotid Endarterectomy? NIH.gov Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIA) NINDS Transient Ischemic Attack Information Page NIH.gov Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA, Mini-Stroke) Medicinenet.com Transient Ischemic Attack MedlinePlus TIA-to-Stroke Risk Prediction Easy As A-B-C-D2 Medpagetoday.com What is a TIA? Stroke.org Who’s at Risk for Stroke After TIA? jwatch.org

Stroke About Stroke Va.gov A Visual Guide to Understanding Stroke WebMD slideshow Brain Attack/Stroke Brain Basics: Preventing Stroke Cut Your Odds of a Stroke Great Lakes Regional Stroke Network How to Prevent Stroke CDC.gov Identify Stroke Email - Three Simple Questions Hoax-slayer.com Increased incidence of stroke in women with breast cancer 2005 Let’s Talk About Stroke and Aphasia Strokeassociation.org NINDS Stroke Information Page Recommendations for the Establishment of Stroke Systems of Care AHAJournals.org Recovery from Stroke Resources National Stroke Association Shift work unwinds body clocks, leading to more severe strokes 6/2016 Research finds living against our body clocks is detrimental to our health Stroke CDC Stroke MedlinePlus Stroke classification system called TOAST is easy to use and effective Sciencedaily.com 4/2015 Stroke from poor air quality Deutsches Aerzteblatt International Stroke Risk and Tamoxifen Therapy for Breast Cancer JNCI 2004 Stroke Scales Overview The Internet Stroke Center Stroke Scales and Clinical Assessment Tools The Internet Stroke Center What is Stroke? NIH.gov What You Need to Know About Stroke Women’s Stroke Symptoms Differ from Men’s Texas Medical Center News 2002

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Cerebrovascular Disease - Statistical Information

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Age-Adjusted Death Rate* for Stroke,† by Hispanic Ethnicity, Race for Non-Hispanic Population, and Sex — United States, 2000–2013 MMWR 2/2015 Age–Adjusted Death Rates* for Stroke,† by U.S. Census Region§ — United States, 1970–2013 MMWR 4/2015 Age-Adjusted Death Rates* from Stroke† for Persons Aged ≥18 Years — United States, 2007–2009 MMWR 4/2012 Age-Specific Excess Deaths Associated With Stroke Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations—United States, 1997 Jama Awareness of Stroke Warning Symptoms --- 13 States and the District of Columbia, 2005 5/2008 Awareness of Stroke Warning Signs --- 17 States and the U.S. Virgin Islands, 2001 MMWR 2004 Cerebrovascular Deaths, by State Community Surveillance for Cerebrovascular Disease: The Framingham Cardiovascular Disease Survey Public Health Reports 1978 Disparities in Deaths from Stroke Among Persons Aged <75 Years --- United States, 2002 MMWR 5/20/05 Few Aware of Stroke Warning Symptoms WebMD Hospitalization for Stroke in U.S. Hospitals, 1989–2009 CDC.gov 5/2012 Hospital Stays for Stroke and Other Cerebrovascular Diseases, 2005 AHRQ.gov Interesting Facts and Statistics About Stroke About.com

National Stroke Awareness Month --- May 2007 MMWR May 2007 National Stroke Awareness Month --- May 2006 National Stroke Awareness Month --- May 2005 MMWR 5/20/05 Outpatient Rehabilitation Among Stroke Survivors --- 21 States and the District of Columbia, 2005 MMWR 5/2007 Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Registry Surveillance --- Four States, 2005--2007 MMWR 11/2009 Place of Death After Stroke --- United States, 1999--2002 MMWR Prehospital and Hospital Delays After Stroke Onset --- United States, 2005--2006 MMWR May 2007 Prevalence of Stroke — United States, 2006–2010 MMWR 5/2012 Prevalence of Stroke --- United States, 2005 MMWR May 2007 Preventing Stroke Deaths Public Health and Aging: Hospitalizations for Stroke Among Adults Aged >65 Years --- United States, 2000 MMWR 6/2003 Rate* of Hospitalization for Stroke, by Sex and Age Group — National Hospital Discharge Survey, United States, 2010 MMWR 7/2012 Recent Trends in Stroke Death Rates — United States, 2000–2015 9/2017 Regional and Racial Differences in Prevalence of Stroke --- 23 States and District of Columbia, 2003 MMWR 5/20/05 State Rankings for Stroke Mortality CDC Stroke Statistics Stroke Center.org Stroke Statistics Theuniversityhospital.com Trends in Emergency Department Visits for Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: United States, 2001–2011 CDC.gov 3/2015 Trend of Stroke Hospitalization, United States, 1988–1997 AHA.org Validating Administrative Data in Stroke Research

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Stroke Guidelines

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• Recommendations for the Establishment of Stroke Systems of Care AHA.org
• Stroke Guidelines and Consensus Statements Strokecenter.org
• Update to the AHA/ASA Recommendations for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack AHA

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Stroke Rehabilitation

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• Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF) Stroke Specialty Program Standards
• Depression After Stroke
• Management of Adult Stroke Rehabilitation Care - A Clinical Practice Guideline* AHA/ASA.org
• National Stroke Association’s Guide to Choosing Stroke Rehabilitation Services National Stroke Association
• Stroke Rehabilitation VA.gov
• Transition of Care for Acute Stroke and Myocardial Infarction Patients: From Hospitalization to Rehabilitation, Recovery, and Secondary Prevention AHRQ.gov

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Vascular Diseases - Statistical Information

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• Hospital Stays for Circulatory Diseases, 2004 AHRQ.gov 2007
• Hospitalizations for Women with Circulatory Disease, 2003 AHRQ 2006
• Pulmonary Hypertension Surveillance --- United States, 1980--2002 MMWR 11/2005

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PUBLISHED ON THE WEB: October 6, 2002
Updated: 9/7/2018 R837 (Entire page updated: 3/28/2016)
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