Fake News

FAKE NEWS Articles for PCH 201 Wellness

Fake News Tools

"Once you've decided to look more deeply at a story online, it's time to figure out where and when it comes from. Internet news can work like a game of telephone: every time somebody reposts or rewrites something, there's a chance that important details will get lost."

Source: https://www.theverge.com/21276897/fake-news-facebook-twitter-misinformation-lies-fact-check-how-to-internet-guide

• The 8 Best Fact-Checking Sites for Finding Unbiased Truth 12/2019
• COVID-19 Real Time Scam Hunter
• Scam Websites Feed
• Botometer
• Botslayer
• Can you Spot fake AI news? 12/2023
• Real or Not> Take the quiz and find out how good you are at catching deepfakes
• Chrome Extension Can Detect Fake Profile Pictures with 99.29% Accuracy
• Factcheck.org
• Fakespot Online tool for detecting fake reviews
• Fakey
• Free BotSlayer tool fights bad info online 9/2019
• Hoax-slayer.com
• List of fake news websites
• Hoaxy Online tool for detecting fake news on Twitter
• The International Fact-Checking Network
• Learn how to evaluate news
• Media Bias Fact Check
• NewsGuard Restoring Trust & Accountability
• Real News/Fake News: Fact Checkers Berkeley.Edu
• ReviewMeta.com ReviewMeta.com analyzes millions of reviews and helps you decide which ones to trust
• SEEING ISN'T BELIEVING The Fact Checker's guide to manipulated video
• Snopes.com
• Tineye.com Reverse Image Search
• Yandex.com Reverse Image Search

Graphic source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/03/190329130206.htm

DeepFakes

Graphic source: https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-24-107292

Example of DeepFake

Graphic source: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kRfo1ToexG8dEiMqurXKqzEeXdyHn7Ic/view

• Deepware.AI Scan & Detect Deepfake Videos. Scan a suspicious video to find out if it’s synthetically manipulated.
• 4 Tips for Spotting AI-Generated Pics Images created by artificial intelligence (AI) software often circulate without disclaimers to say they're fake. 4/2023
• 20 Questions Framework.pdf
• Combating Deepfakes 3/2024 GAO.gov
• Deepfake attacks and cyber extortion are creating mounting risks 8/2022
• Deepfakes Are Going To Wreak Havoc On Society. We Are Not Prepared.
• Deepfakes: For now women, not democracy, are the main victims 10/2019 Deepfakes pose a serious threat to democracy in the long run but women are likely to suffer first, a new study says.
• Deepfakes ranked as most serious AI crime threat 8/2020
• Every Day is April Fool’s Day Now 3/2023
• Fake viral footage is spreading alongside the real horror in Ukraine – here are 5 ways to spot it Manipulated or falsified videos and images can spread quickly – but there are strategies you can take to evaluate them. 2/2022 Cosmosmagazine.com
• How to spot a deepfake? One simple trick is all you need. If you're not convinced they who are they say they are, this weakness in deepfake software could help. 8/2022
• New Deepfake Method Can Put Words In Anyone's Mouth 1/2020
• The AI Deepfakes Problem Is Going to Get Unstoppably Worse Deepfakes are blurring the lines of reality more than ever before, and they're likely going to get a lot worse this year. 2/2024
• This TikTok video is fake, but every word was taken from a real creator 7/2025
• What Is a Deepfake, and Should I Be Concerned?
• Visual Mis/disinformation in Journalism and Public Communications: Current Verification Practices, Challenges, and Future Opportunities 10/2020

Fake News Resources
"Health-related misconceptions, misinformation, and disinformation spread over social media, posing a threat to public health. Despite significant potential to enable dissemination of factual information,social media are frequently abused to spread harmful health content, including unverified and erroneous information about vaccines."
Source: http://media1.s-nbcnews.com/i/today/z_creative/WeaponizedHealthCommunicationDavid%20BFULLSTUDY.PDF

How to report misinformation online WHO.int Provides links to 7 platform pages to report erroneous info!

"There are many reasons why misinformation travels so quickly, according to some research, even faster than accurate information. One reason is that people are far more likely to share a claim when it confirms their pre-existing beliefs, regardless of its accuracy. This cognitive bias may help explain why even more misinformation seems to be shared by individuals than by bots. One study, for example, found that just 15% of news sharers spread up to 40% of fake news." (Source: https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20240509-the-sift-strategy-a-four-step-method-for-spotting-misinformation)

• 4 reasons fake news tricks us and what we can do 6/2018
• 5 Ways For Seniors To Protect Themselves From Online Misinformation 6/2021
• 9 Ways to Know if Health Info Is Actually Junk Science. Use these steps to figure out what's true. 10/2021
• Top 10 sites to debunk Internet hoaxes
• All Generalizations are False
• Advances in artificial intelligence could soon make creating convincing fake audio and video known as deepfakes relatively easy. 1/2019
• Anatomy of a 'conspiracy loop': Do we need a new way of looking at the spread of fake claims? 7/2024
• An Illustrated History of Government Agencies Twisting the Truth to Align With White House Misinformation 6/2020
• April Fools hoax stories could offer clues to help identify 'fake news' 3/2019
• Biggest Fake News Stories of 2017
• Better online tools give you more ways to check fake news 5/2018
• Comic: Fake News Can Be Deadly. Here's How To Spot It 4/2020
• Conspiracy theories, explained 11/2020 VOX.com
• Coronavirus Misinformation Tracking Center Newguardtech.com
• Detecting fake news, at its source 10/2018 Sciencedaily.com
• Detecting fake news at its source 10/2018 MIT.edu
• Distinguishing Between Factual and Opinion Statements in the News 6/2018
• 'Dramatically inaccurate': Women's health misinformation is rampant on TikTok 9/2023
• Evaluating Websites: Identifying Fake News Sources Guidance for selecting the best sites for your research needs
• Examining the association between social media fatigue, cognitive ability, narcissism and misinformation sharing: cross-national evidence from eight countries 9/2023
• Fake News, Bad Science, and Predatory Journals: Information Evaluation for the Academic: Fake News SCSU Library
• Fake news feels less immoral to share when we've seen it before 12/2019
• Fake News: Lies spread faster on social media than truth does People are quicker to repeat something that's wrong than something that's true 3/2018
• Fake News Sources Current to May 16, 2017
• Fake Medical Journals Are Spreading, And They Are Filled With Bad Science
• Fake news invades science and science journalism as well as politics 12/2016
• Fake news more likely to thrive online due to lowered fact-checking 9/2017
• Fake news problem: Facebook is a media company run by engineers 11/2017 11/2017
• Google Is Trying to Teach Kids How to Spot Fake News. The death of fake news might just be the birth of a generation that’s immune to it. 6/2019
• Health websites are notoriously misleading. So we rated their reliability 7/2019
• High emotional intelligence can help to identify fake news 3/2021
• How fake news is changing the internet The tools we all use for knowledge, communication and business are being re-engineered to stop disinformation. Is our loss of control worth it? 1/2019
• How to fight lies, tricks,and chaos online 12/2019
• How to guard your social feeds against election misinformation 9/2020
• How to quickly spot dodgy science
• How to Spot Fake News Factcheck.org
• How to spot fake news in your social media feed - Are you sharing fake news without knowing it? 3/2018
• How to spot fake reviews on Amazon Real or complete nonsense? Here's how to tell if an Amazon review is fake 6/2018
• How to spot it lies, 'fake news' and propaganda 12/2016
• Internet trolls rely on social defaults, the online version of herd mentality 11/2017
• Is fact-checking fake news a waste of time? 7/2017
• It's not just politics: 2016 was an epidemic year for fake news in science, too 1/2017
• Joke Science Papers Get Less Funny Every Year 12/2016
• Junk Food and Junk News: The Case for Information Fitness 6/2018
• Lazy thinking, not political bias, drives fake news 7/2019
• Literallyunbelievable.org
• Many Americans Believe Fake News Is Sowing Confusion 12/2016
• Many Americans Say Made-Up News Is a Critical Problem That Needs To Be Fixed 6/2019
• Media Bias Chart
• How Ad Fontes Ranks News Sources - ad fontes media 9/2018
• Medical research coverage often contains too few independent, conflict-free comments 12/2016
• PolitiFact's guide to fake news websites and what they peddle 4/2017
• Protecting the Value of Medical Science in the Age of Social Media and “Fake News” 11/2018
• Source credibility is key to derailing fake news 5/2019
• Standard Eurobarometer 83
• State of the News Media - Data and trends about key sectors in the U.S. news media industry
• Tackling online disinformation: Commission proposes an EU-wide Code of Practice 4/2018
• Teens are terrible at spotting fact vs. fiction online 11/2019
• The digital transformation of news media and the rise of online disinformation 4/2018
• The Ethics of Ironic Science in Its Search for Spoof
• The Ethics of Sarcastic Science 12/2014
• The Future of Truth and Misinformation Online 10/2017
• The Golden Age of Junk Science Is Killing Us. Misinformation is being spewed, weaponized, and consumed at a deadly rate. Fortunately, there's a way out. Here's how to make sense of what you're seeing. 10/2021
• Therapeutic Touch Pseudoscience: The Tooth Fairy Strikes Again
• Therapy Babble - Hyperbolic, messy, pseudoscientific theories about therapy are all too common 6/2015
• The science of fake news gets a boost 3/2018
• The science of fake news 3/2018
• The 'Sift' strategy: A four-step method for spotting misinformation 5/2024
• The spread of true and false news online 3/2018
• This viral Schwarzenegger deepfake isn't just entertaining. It's a warning. The emergence of fake videos have become a sort of test run and public service announcement, heightening public awareness of deepfake technology. 6/2019
• Time for change in science journalism? 12/2016
• Tineye Reverse Image Source
• To debunk science misinformation, consider these factors 6/2023
• Vanity and predatory academic publishers are corrupting the pursuit of knowledge
• Warnings can help readers spot false information online 4/2020
• Weaponized Health Communication: Twitter Bots and Russian Trolls Amplify the Vaccine Debate AJPH 8/2018
• Websites that Post Fake and Satirical Stories
• We create 'fake news' when facts don't match our biases 12/2019
• What is 'fake news,' and how can you spot it? Try our quiz
• When Everything Is Fake, What’s the Point of Social Media? 10/2025
• When it comes to conspiracy theories, intuition and stress conspire against you. The enduring appeal of crap 3/2019
• Which Experts Should You Listen to during the Pandemic? It should be a no-brainer: your best bet is to follow those who have actual expertise Scientific American 6/2020
• Who spreads fake news? Overwhelmingly, old white men Analysis of 2016 Presidential election Facebook posts found most people didn’t fall for made-up stories, but elderly conservative males were a significant exception. 1/2019
• Why Misinformation Is About Who You Trust, Not What You Think 2/2019
• Why technology alone won't save us from fake news
• Why we're susceptible to fake news, how to defend against it 8/2018
• Young people aren't skeptical of 'fake news' 11/2016
• Americans Are Wary of the Role Social Media Sites Play in Delivering the News. Getting news from social media is an increasingly common experience; nearly three-in-ten U.S. adults do so often 10/2019

Unbiased News Sources

• Top 4 Unbiased World News Sources Free From Censorship
• Tips for professional reporting on COVID-19 vaccines 12/2020

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Graphic source: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/evolution-of-media-data-future/

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General Resources

• Employer Survey & Economic Trend Research
• 8 Tricks to Writing Quickly 10/2016
• These 30 Words are Always Mispronounced Lifehack.org
• The 31 Best Tools for Improving Your Writing Skills 11/2015
• A Science-Backed Method for Better Writing: How to Find Your Ideal Time of Day 12/2015
• Document Checklist for Plain Language Plainlanguage.gov
• Double-Tongued Dictionary
• Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research
• From an Engineer to an Author, I Find These Writing Tips Really Helpful
• Health Literacy Resources
• How to Cite a Letter to the Editor From a Journal in APA
• How to Develop a Daily Writing Habit Lifehack.org
• How to Train Your Brain to Write More Concisely: 6 Creative Exercises to Try 4/2016
• How to Write a Cover Letter That Gets You the Job [Template + Examples]
• How to Write Better Headlines [Infographic] Hubspot.com
• How to Write a Thesis Statement - Indiana University
• How to Write With Clarity: 9 Tips for Simplifying Your Message 11/2015
• Just for journalists: Tips and case studies for writing about health care
• Lake Superior State University's Complete List of Banished Words
• Manuscript Reviewing Guidelines
• Minutes in Criminal Procedures: Writing Style Influences Judges Sciencedaily.com 10/2014
• One Word How much can you write in one minute for a word? Try it
• OWL Resources (Purdue University) Don't Miss!
• Paragraph Length
• Pdftoword.com Convert PDF files to Word
• Plain Language for Public Health Public Health Communications Collaborative (PHCC)
• Preparing to Research SDSU.edu
• Public Health Practice Issues
• State of Writing Many resources
• Symbols from your keyboard
• Ten ways To Write Every Day
• Testyourvocab.com
• The Dullest, Most Vital Skill You Need to Become a Successful Manager
• The Evolution of Media: Visualizing a Data-Driven Future 7/2022
• The Ghostwriting Business 4/2016
• The Kurt Vonnegut Guide to Great Copywriting: 8 Rules That Apply to Anyone 12/2015
• The Sage English Dictionary and Thesaurus Download a free copy
• The Ultimate Collection of Free Content Marketing Templates 11/2016
• Time Traveler Find out what year words were created
• Web Sites for Writers Plainlanguagenetwork.org
• What's Up With That: Why It's So Hard to Catch Your Own Typos Wired.com
• Words activate hidden brain processes shaping emotions, decisions, and behavior. A team reveals the relationship of neurotransmitter activity with how humans process the emotional content of language 1/2025
• Word Wise Correct spelling of frequently misspelled word
• Word Wise Blog Brush up on grammar and spelling
• Writer's Resource Center
• Writing and Multiple Intelligences Longleaf.net

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Authorship

Graphic source: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMsb1616595

• A Student Used ChatGPT to Cheat in an AI Ethics Class. The worst fears of school administrators are coming true, and let me be the first to say "lol." 2/2023
• ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove At least four articles credit the AI tool as a co-author, as publishers scramble to regulate its use. 1/2023
• Coauthorship and Publication Credit Vanderbilt.edu
• Post Publication Peer Review: Blogs vs Letters to the Editor
• Random Reflections on Getting Published
• THE GREAT IN-DEPTH ARTICLES DISAPPEARING TRICK
• The Revise and Resubmit Series, Part 1: Coping with Criticism
• The Revise and Resubmit Series, Part 2: Deciphering Reviewer Comments

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Blogging

• 5 Engagement-Driven Elements You Should Add to Every Blog Post 2015
• Five reasons blog posts are of higher scientific quality than journal articles 4/2017
• 5 Simple Strategies To Improve Your Blog's Search Rankings
• 5 Steps to Turning Your Blogging Hobby Into a Job
• 7 Types of Blog Posts That Earn The Most Inbound Links
• 7 Ways to Speed Up Your Content Creation Hubspot.com
• 8 Reasons Why Your Blog Posts Are Hard to Read (And How to Fix 'Em) Hubspot.com 8/2015
• 9 Great Tools to Help You Write & Edit Blog Posts Better Hubspot.com 2015
• 9 Tips for Making Your Writing More Interesting 9/2015
• 12 Blogging Mistakes Most Beginner Bloggers Make 7/2018
• 12 blogging mistakes made by researchers and evaluators freshspectrum.com
• 16 Blogging styles for researchers and evaluators freshspectrumcom
• 13 Types of Blog Headlines That Will Get You More Traffic Hubspot.com
• 17 Stats You Should Know About Visual Content Marketing in 2015
• 22 bloggers with advice for researchers and evaluators, illustrated
• 37 Proven Methods To Increase Blog Traffic And Boost Engagement
• 50 Catchy Headline Formulas That You Can Use on Your Blog (With Examples)
• 2014 B2B Content Marketing Research: Strategy is Key to Effectiveness
• A Simple Formula for Writing Kick-Ass Blog Titles 3/2015
• Bloggingtips.com
• Content marketing tips: How to promote your blog posts on social
• Everything a Blog Post Needs for Ideal SEO
• Google Blog Search
• How Often Should Companies Blog? [New Benchmark Data] Hubspot.com 4/2015
• How to Analyze Your Blog Posts: A Beginner's Guide Hubspot.com
• How to Be a Better Blogger
• How to Decide What to Blog About: 6 Data-Driven Tactics for Choosing Blog Topics 8/2017
• How to Search Engine Optimize Your Blog Content 7/2016
• How To Start a Blog; A Complete Beginner's Guide
• How to Write a Blog Post: A Simple Formula + 5 Free Blog Post Templates 5/2016
• How to Write Catchy Headlines and Blog Titles Your Readers Can't Resist
• Take Advantage Of Repurposing Content: Read These 8 Tips
• The Anatomy of a Perfect Blog Post 6/2017
• The Power of the Post: Optimizing Blog Posts 2015
• The therapeutic value of adolescents blogging about social emotional difficulties 8/2013
• The Ultimate List of Websites Every Blogger Should Bookmark 12/2016
WordPress website maintenance checklist 2/2018
• We stopped publishing new blog posts for one month. Here's what happened. [Buffer]
• What Makes Top Company Blogs So Successful? [New Data] 9/2015
• What's the Best Way to Write a Blog Post? Marketers Weigh In 8/2017
• Why Blog? The Benefits of Blogging for Business and Marketing 9/2015
• Why Blogs on Subdomains are Basically Worthless for SEO 2015

Graphic source: https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/blogging-tactics-produce-results-data

ChatGPT

Graphic source: https://www.nbcnews.com/meet-the-press/data-download/chatgpt-ai-tech-leaves-americans-concerned-excited-rcna71369

• About 1 in 5 U.S. teens who’ve heard of ChatGPT have used it for schoolwork 11/2023
• Accuracy of Chatbots in Citing Journal Articles 8/2023 JAMA
• ChatGPT Created a Fake Dataset With Skewed Results — Findings raise concerns about the ease of generating false medical evidence 11/2023
• FTC Civil Investigative Demand (CID) Schedule. FTC File #232-3044 7/2023 FTC
• We’ve filed lawsuits challenging ChatGPT and LLaMA, industrial-strength plagiarists that violate the rights of book authors. Because AI needs to be fair & ethical for everyone. 6/2023
• Sarah Silverman Sues ChatGPT Creator for Copyright Infringement ‘FLAGRANTLY ILLEGAL’ “If a user prompts ChatGPT to summarize a copyrighted book, it will do so,” the suit claims. 7/2023
• AI Text Classifier
• Americans are wary of AI tech like ChatGPT, data shows 2/2023
• ChatGPT maker OpenAI has a free tool that can spot AI-written text. OpenAI's offers a free but "imperfect" tool to detect AI-generated text, and hopes it sparks a debate about AI literacy. 2/2023
• ChatGPT is 'not particularly innovative,' and 'nothing revolutionary', The public perceives OpenAI's ChatGPT as revolutionary, but the same techniques are being used and the same kind of work is going on at many research labs, says the deep learning pioneer. 1/2023
• ChatGPT Is Passing the Tests Required for Medical Licenses and Business Degrees. GPT-3 would have received a B to B- on an MBA Wharton final exam. 1/2023
• ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove. At least four articles credit the AI tool as a co-author, as publishers scramble to regulate its use. 1/2023
• ChatGPT May Be the Fastest Growing App in History The AI-powered chatbot from OpenAI only launched in November 2022 but already has over 100 million monthly active users. 2/2023 ,/B>
• ChatGPT or human text? Here's one surprising way to tell the difference. There are a few key differentiators between AI-generated text and human-written text. But this one could teach humans a thing or two. 2/2023
• ChatGPT took an MBA exam. Here's how it did OpenAI's chatbot is set an exam by a Wharton professor, but what does the result mean for the future of education? 1/2023
• GPTZERO.me
• How to get started using ChatGPT The new AI language processing tool has been trending since its launch late last year, but how do you use it and what for? 1/2023
• Is ChatGPT Becoming Synonymous With Plagiarism in Scientific Research? — Science will no longer publish research that uses ChatGPT or other AI-generated text programs 1/2023
• Nonhuman “Authors” and Implications for the Integrity of Scientific Publication and Medical Knowledge 1/2023
• School Apologizes After Using ChatGPT to Write Email About Mass-Shooting. Students at Vanderbilt University called the use of the AI tool “disgusting” after a school shooting killed 3 and injured 5 in Michigan last week. 2/2023
• This 22-year-old is trying to save us from ChatGPT before it changes writing forever 1/2023
• Which Jobs Will Be Most Impacted by ChatGPT? 4/2023
• Why ChatGPT won't discuss politics or respond to these 20 controversial questions OpenAI's wildly popular chatbot has boundaries. Some of them are a bit fuzzy though. 2/2023

Communication

• Clear Communication
• Communication Guidance
• Pink Book – Making Health Communication Programs Work

Copywriting

• Copywriting 101: 6 Traits of Excellent Copy Readers Will Remember

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Editing

• Essential Editing and Proofreading Tools for Polish Academic Writing
• The Ultimate Online Editing and Proofreading Checklist 4/2015

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E-Mail

Graphic source: http://www.marketingcharts.com/online/majority-of-consumers-will-take-action-on-unwanted-emails-72629/attachment/fluent-adults-response-to-unwanted-emails-nov2016/

Graphic source: http://www.gfi.com/blog/survey-81-of-u-s-employees-check-their-work-mail-outside-work-hours/

• 4 Tips for Getting Your Work Emails Read and Answered 8/2017
• Caution! 10 Types of Emails You Should Never Open
• 10 tips for spotting a phishing email
• 11 Tools for Organizing Your Inbox 11/2015
• After-Hours Use Of Work Email May Finally See Some Labor Regulations 5/2015
• Americans spend an alarming amount of time checking social media on their phones 6/2015
• Email Statistics Report, 2014-2018 Radicati.com
• Here's What Scientists Learned In The Largest Systematic Study Of Email Habits Popsci.com
• 12 Tips for Amazingly Effective Email Subject Lines
• Click Here Or Else: The Evolution of Chain Emails Marketingland.com 4/2015
• Email design concepts for non-designers A lesson from #SherpaEmail
• Email Language that Works: 5 Subject Line Tricks 4/2016
• Evolution of Conversations in the Age of Email Overload 2015
• Five free apps for encrypting email
• Electronic Greeting Cards
• Errors Like Email Fails Cause 30 Percent of Data Breaches, Verizon Says 2015
• Friends are no better than strangers in accurately identifying emotion in emails 8/30/2016
• GFI Email Security Testing Zone
• How to Optimize Your Emails for Mobile: A Beginner's Guide Hubspot.com 2014
• How to Spend Less Time on Email: 12 Tips for Keeping Your Inbox Under Control 1/2016
• How to Write a Great Email Signature: 9 Tips With Real Examples 6/2016
• How to Write a Marketing Email: 10 Tips for Writing Compelling Email Copy 4/2016
• How to Write Networking Emails Executives Can't Ignore Cheatsheet.com 2015
• How Welcome Emails Help Predict Future Subscriber Engagement & Value Marketingland.com 2015
• Internet @ddress Finder
• Let's rethink email
• Maildrop
• Researchers nab millions of stolen credentials for Gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo, Banking 5/2016
• The Email Scam with Centuries of History Priceonomics.com
• Test Your Emoji IQ
• The ultimate 2016 email marketing benchmark guide
• Tips on writing for email vs. writing for social media 8/2018
• To email or not to email? For those in love, it's better than leaving a voice message Sciencedaily.com 2015
• What Does Your Email Writing Style Say About You? [New Data] Hubspot.com 2015

Graphic source: http://www.techrepublic.com/article/personal-vs-corporate-email-the-security-threats-differ-says-google/

Graphic source: http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/email-writing-mistakes-data

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ePrivacy

• GDPR vs. ePrivacy: The 3 differences you need to know

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E-Readers

• Adobe Digital Editions
• Calibre

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Expressive Writing/Journaling/Keeping A Diary

• 8 Reasons Why Writing Is A Great Life-Hack & Can Make You Healthier (Backed By Science) 7/2017
• Are You A Frequent Worrier? New Study Shows How You Can Drastically Reduce Worry
• The Health Benefits of Journaling
• Journaling for Mental Health
• Keeping a diary makes you happier 2/2009
• New study says that writing can help you stop worrying 9/2017
• Scientific Studies Show How Writing In A Journal Can Actually Benefit Your Emotional & Physical Well-Being 1/2017
• The puzzling way that writing heals the body 6/2017
• Writing Journal for a Better and More Productive Self (The How-To Guide) 6/2018

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Grammar & Punctuation

"...a sloppy manuscript or poor grammar can be a warning sign of bad science." (Source: How to quickly spot dodgy science; https://theconversation.com/how-to-quickly-spot-dodgy-science-65160)

Graphic source: http://data3.whicdn.com/images/116715/original.jpg

• 7 Common Grammar Myths You'll Never Fall For Again Hubspot.com
• 12 Grammatical Errors Even Smart People Make 7/2018
• 13 Hilarious Memes About the Importance of Grammar 10/2016
• 16 of the Worst Typos, Grammatical Errors & Spelling Mistakes We've Ever Seen Hubspot.com
• 20 of the Worst Typos, Grammatical Errors & Spelling Mistakes We've Ever Seen 6/2017
• 20 Misused Words That Make Smart People Look Dumb
• Grammar Police: 30 of the Most Common Grammatical Errors We All Need to Stop Making
• Do You Really Need That Exclamation Point? [Flowchart] < Hubspot.com
• English Grammar Grammar lessons, exercises, rules
• Grammarcheck.net Online grammar checker
• Guide to Grammar & Style Rutgers University
• How Non-English Speakers Learn This Crazy Grammar Rule You Know But Never Heard Of Some of the most binding rules in English are things that native speakers know but don’t know they know.
• Is There a Connection Between Bad Grammar and Negative Online Reviews? 2/2018
• Modern Language Association
• Quickanddirtytrips.com Grammar Girl
• Serial Comma
• Strunk's The Elements of Style
• The Grammar of Online Reviews - Is There a Connection Between Spelling Errors and Negative Online Reviews? 2/2018
• Think Grammar Doesn't Matter? It Could Be Holding You Back From a Promotion Hubspot.com 3/2015
• This Embarrasses You and I* Grammar Gaffes Invade the Office in an Age of Informal Email, Texting and Twitter WSJ.com 2012
• Writing for Business and Pleasure
• Writing Numbers

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Grant Resources & Opportunities (& Grant Writing)

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Handwriting

• Handwriting beats typing and watching videos for learning to read 7/2021

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Journaling

Graphic source: http://www.dailydot.com/via/i-lived-by-ben-franklin-schedule/

• 6 Ways Keeping a Journal Can Help Your Career
• How To Turn Sadness Into Creativity
• How Writing in a Journal Helps Manage Depression
• If You Want Better Mental Health, You Should Use Your Journal In This Way 2/3/2017
• Write it Down, Make it Happen | 3 Journaling Habits to Help Your Career

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Journalism

Graphic source: https://www.marketingcharts.com/cross-media-and-traditional/pr-traditional-and-cross-channel-225404

Graphic source: https://www.theverge.com/21276897/fake-news-facebook-twitter-misinformation-lies-fact-check-how-to-internet-guide

Graphic source: https://www.theverge.com/21276897/fake-news-facebook-twitter-misinformation-lies-fact-check-how-to-internet-guide

Graphic source: https://www.theverge.com/21276897/fake-news-facebook-twitter-misinformation-lies-fact-check-how-to-internet-guide

Graphic source: https://www.theverge.com/21276897/fake-news-facebook-twitter-misinformation-lies-fact-check-how-to-internet-guide

Graphic source: http://www.zdnet.com/article/how-weaponized-social-media-is-crippling-democracy-and-why-were-helpless-to-stop-it/

• Journalists Reveal What Makes A Story Shareable 4/2022
• The Breaking News Consumer's Handbook 9/2013
• Webinar for journalists and communicators: Covering COVID-19 vaccines in a responsible and evidence-based manner. PAHO.org

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Letter Writing

• To Whom It May Concern: Do All Formal Letters Have to Start Like This? 5/2017

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Linguistics

• By the Book, Which English Is Better? 7/2018
• Commonly Misused Phrases That Will Make You Sound Unprofessional 1/2018
• Language study reveals best words to use when selling products 4/2016
• NIH study finds out why some words may be more memorable than others 6/2020
• Study explains why laws are written in an incomprehensible style. The convoluted 'legalese' used in legal documents conveys a special sense of authority, and even non-lawyers have learned to wield it. 8/2024
• The Lost Lingo of New York City's Soda Jerks 6/2018
• Why Do People Hate the Word 'Moist?' The Science Behind Word Aversion 11/2017
• Why People From Manchester Are Mancunians, Not Manchesterians Demonyms are vital to our conceptions of ourselves, but the rules behind them can be pretty messy. 7/2017
• Why you shouldn't say girls are as good as boys at math 7/2017

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Microsoft Word Help

• 5 easy Word tips that every user should know Techrepublic.com
• Entering and editing text in a Microsoft Word document
• How to Automatically Format an Existing Document in Word 2013 Howtogeek.com
• How to manage Word styles like a pro Techrepublic.com
• Keyboard shortcuts for Microsoft Word Microsoft.com
• Six tips for fitting Word content on a single page Techrepublic.com
• Interactive: Word 2003 to Word 2007 command reference guide Microsoft
• Microsoft Office Templates
• Using Keyboard Shortcuts in MS Word

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Patient Education Materials

• 7 words (and more) you shouldn't use in medical news
• Clean Up Your Mess - A Guide to Visual Design for Everyone Visualmess.com
• Health Literacy Online - A guide to writing and designing easy-to-use health Web sites

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Plagiarism

• Automatic Paraphrasing: A Problem for Academia? 3/2017
• Debunking the Accidental Plagiarism Excuse 8/2016
• How to Avoid Plagiarism Wisc.edu
• How to Cite Sources & Not Steal People's Content on the Internet Hubspot.com 7/2015
• How to Use an Writing Cleanroom to Avoid Plagiarism 8/2016
• Plagiarism Tutorial Usm.edu
• When a 'Remix' Is Plain Ole Plagiarism Digital technologies make it easier for people to copy the work of other artists yet the same tools make it more likely for them to get caught. 5/2017

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Punctuation

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Readability Resources

Graphic source: https://dornsife.usc.edu/news/stories/3539/terminology-of-climate-science/

• A case for writing below a grade 8 reading level
• Climate change challenge: Terminology used by scientists confounds public 8/2021
• Educational Stage
• Extract Text and Calculate the Reading Level of Any Article Using the Analysis Engine Priceonomics.com
• Federal plain language guidelines
• Federal plain language guidelines 3/2011
• Flesch - Kincaid readability tests
• FryGraph
• Raygor Readability Estimate
• Readability Test
• SMOG - Simple Measure of Goobledygook
• Tests Document Readability
• Text statistics and readability analyzer
• The Commas That Cost Companies Millions
• The Reading Level of the State of Union Address is in Decline Priceonomics

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Resources

• How to Write Well. Orwell's 6 rules for writing 5/2025
• The 34 Best Tools for Improving Your Writing Skills 11/2016
• The 50 most overused business cliches 7/2019
• To boost your writing, pick tougher stuff to read 8/2017
• What Is a Whitepaper? [FAQs]

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Scientific Publishing

Graphic source: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-02172-y

Graphic source: https://www.nature.com/immersive/d41586-025-01512-2/index.html

Graphic source: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03974-8

Graphic source: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03464-x

Graphic source: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03759-y

• AI linked to explosion of low-quality biomedical research papers. Analysis flags hundreds of studies that seem to follow a template, reporting correlations between complex health conditions and single variables based on publicly available data sets. 5/2025
• A Scanning Error Created a Fake Science Term—Now AI Won’t Let It Die. A digital investigation reveals how AI can latch on to technical terminology, despite it being complete nonsense. 4/2025
• AI-Generated Junk Science Is a Big Problem on Google Scholar, Research Suggests. A recent investigation of the academic search engine highlights the pervasive issue of AI-generated text in academic literature, especially regarding controversial topics. 1/2025
• Building trust in preprints: recommendations for servers and other stakeholders 7/2021
• Citation cartels, ghost writing and fake peer-review: Fraud is causing a crisis in science — here's what we need to do to stop it Livescience.com 9/2025
• Dynamics of cross-platform attention to retracted papers 6/2022
• For Better Science Posting flawed studies that should be publically retracted
• GPT-fabricated scientific papers on Google Scholar: Key features, spread, and implications for preempting evidence manipulation 9/2024
• Is it OK for AI to write science papers? Nature survey shows researchers are split Poll of 5,000 researchers finds contrasting views on when it’s acceptable to involve AI and what needs to be disclosed. 5/2025
• List of Predatory Journals
• Low-quality papers based on public health data are flooding the scientific literature The appearance of thousands of formulaic biomedical studies has been linked to the rise of text-generating AI tools. 7/2025
• Million-Dollar Project Aims to Expose Bad Medical Research. Armed with funding, algorithms, and a tip line, this new effort aims to dig corrupt studies out of medical literature before they do real-world harm. 6/2025
• NIH to crack down on excessive publisher fees for publicly funded research 7/2025
• Predatory journals: no definition, no defence 11/2019
• Five strategies scholars use in writing medical review articles Sciencedaily.com 2015
• 9 Academic Writing And Study Habits Used By Successful Students
• 21 Brutal, Honest And Relatable Things That Happened In Academic Publishing Publish AND perish? 9/2016
• Checking the source: how to read a scientific paper 6/2017
• Fixing published research mistakes not easy; fixing the publishing system may be harder 2/2016
• Free Access to Science Research Doesn't Benefit Everyone Theatlantic.com
• Health News Review - Our Review Criteria
• Got significosis? Here are the five diseases of academic publishing 2/2017
• Guide to Academic and Scientific Publications: How to Get Your Writing Published in Academic Journals
• Hallucination, Fake References: Cautionary Tale About AI-Generated Abstracts — Tripped up by nuanced decision-making, chatbots still produced "average-quality" abstracts 7/2023
• How Academia, Google Scholar And Predatory Publishers Help Feed Academic Fake News 12/2016
• How big is science's fake-paper problem? An unpublished analysis suggests that there are hundreds of thousands of bogus 'paper-mill' articles lurking in the literature. 11/2023 Nature.com
• How different are preprints from their published versions? 2 studies have some answers. Both studies find that most COVID-19 research papers don’t drastically change between the time they are posted on a preprint server and when they're published in an academic journal. 2/2022
• Identifying Predatory or Pseudo-Journals 2/2017
• Investigating journals: The dark side of publishing 3/2013
• Keep it long: Most science writing advice flops, analysis finds Sciencedaily.com 4/2015
• More than 10,000 research papers were retracted in 2023 — a new record 12/2023
• Nature journals tighten rules on non-financial conflicts Authors will be asked to declare any interests that might cloud objectivity.
• Open access: All human knowledge is there so why can't everybody access it? 6/2016
• Predatory publishers criticised for 'unethical, unprincipled' tactics 8/2015
• Pros and cons of supplementary materials in scientific publishing 8/2016
• Protecting the Editorial Independence of the CDC From Politics 9/2020
• Publication Prejudices: An Experimental Study of Confirmatory Bias in the Peer Review System NYU.edu 1977
• Reputational incentives and post-publication review: two (partial) solutions to the misinformation problem 4/2017
• Science Journal That Published ‘Rat Dck’ AI Gibberish Speaks Out. The visuals-challenged study caused a public furor about AI-generated imagery in science. 2/2024
• Scientists hide messages in papers to game AI peer review. Some studies containing instructions in white text or small font — visible only to machines — will be withdrawn from preprint servers. 7/2025
• Signs of AI-generated text found in 14% of biomedical abstracts last year Abstracts included telltale words, such as 'unparalleled' and 'invaluable', that are common in text generated by large language models. 7/2025
• The phantom reference: How a made-up article got almost 400 citations 11/2017
• The 'pivot penalty': scientists get cited less after switching fields, analysis finds Massive study of nearly 26 million research papers measures the consequences of striking out in another research area. 5/2025
• The precarious prevalence of predatory journals 1/2018
• The predatory publishing phenomenon: dead end or just an inconvenience on the road to a new scholarly publishing landscape? 11/2016
• Understanding the complexities of retractions
• What is peer review? 5/2018
• Why ChatGPT Creates Scientific Citations — That Don’t Exist. It looks convincing, even in White House reports, but it’s often a sign of backwards research. 6/2025
• Why science news embargoes are bad for the public 11/2016

• FTC Charges Academic Journal Publisher OMICS Group Deceived Researchers 8/2016
• FTC vs. OMICs Lawsuit 8/2016
• U.S. government agency sues publisher, charging it with deceiving researchers 8/2016

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Slang

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Graphic source: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/every-word-of-the-year-according-to-various-dictionaries-2020-2025/

• 20 Slang Terms From the '80s No One Uses Anymore
• 33 Old Slang Terms Kids Born After 2000 Will Never Understand
• 100 Slang Terms From the 20th Century No One Uses Anymore

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Spelling

Graphic source: http://www.vividmaps.com/2017/05/americas-most-misspelled-words.html

Graphic source: https://www.grammarcheck.net/writing-mistakes-native-speakers/

• 10 Very Costly Typos Mentalfloss.com
• 11 Embarrassing Spelling and Grammar Mistakes From Brands Hubspot.com 6/10/2015
• 16 of the Worst Typos, Grammatical Errors & Spelling Mistakes We've Ever Seen 7/2015
• 25 Most Commonly Misspelled Words in America
• AWS typo gaffe isn't the first, or last in technology History is littered with typo miscues that led to major tech outages, mixups and lots of losses. 3/2017
• How to Spell Words You Don't Know: Techniques From Grammar Experts [Infographic] 10/2015
• The Typo that Destroyed a NASA Rocket

Texting

• How do you text? Unpacking the battle between 'raindrop' and 'waterfall' texters 9/2019

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Using Templates

• 10 Things: How to use Word templates effectively Techrepublic.com 2/2016
• How to Write a Case Study: The Ultimate Guide & Template 2/2017
• NISVS Customizable Template Fact Sheet Microsoft Word file [DOCX 2.6MB]
• NISVS Customizable Template Fact Sheet Instructions Adobe PDF file [PDF 95KB]

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Vocabulary

Graphic source: https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/worst-buzzwords-new-data

• 20 Slang Terms From the 1950s No One Uses Anymore
• 20 Slang Terms From the 1960s No One Uses Anymore
• 20 Slang Terms From the 1970s No One Uses Anymore
• 20 Slang Terms From the 1980s No One Uses Anymore
• 20 Slang Terms From the 1990s No One Uses Anymore
• 40 Everyday Slang Words That Were Invented Online
• 40 Slang Terms No One Over 40 Should Ever Use
• Everyday Words for Public Health Communication 5/2016
• Give Merriam Webster the Year You Were Born and They'll Give You the Hot New Words From Then .
• Hangry, mansplaining, and lactivism added to Oxford Dictionary 1/2018
• Moist. Probe. Crevice: Why Do We Hate Certain Words? 8/2016
• See the Top Slang Term from Every U.S. State
• Time Traveler When was a word first used in print? You may be surprised! Enter a date below to see the words first recorded on that year. To learn more about First Known Use dates

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Writing Guides

• 10 Simple Edits That'll Instantly Improve Any Piece of Writing
• 10 Universal Writing Rules from The Onion's Founding Editor
• CDC'S GUIDE TO Writing for Social Media
• Effective Note-Writing: A Primer for Psychiatry Residents 1/2017
• DBCHES Style Guide
• Guide to Academic and Scholarly Publication - How to Get Your Writing Published in Scholarly Journals
• How to Be a Better Editor: 11 Tips From the Trenches 12/2015
• How to Create a Writing Style Guide Built for the Web [Free Template] 5/2015
• How to Defeat Your Most Dangerous Writing Habit: 7 Ways to Lift 'The Curse of Knowledge' 10/2016
• 12 Tips for Writing With Unforgettable Personality 11/2015
• How to Write Compelling Copy: 7 Tips for Writing Content That Converts
• How to Write Faster: 12 Unusual Hacks [Infographic]
• In Plain Words: Creating Easy-to-Read Handouts OSU.edu
• Plain English Campaign
• Preparing a Policy Issue Brief PSU.edu
• Public Health Research and Writing
• Take 5 Minutes To Read And Improve Your Writing Skills Forever
• Ten Simple Rules to Getting Grants
• Ten Simple Rules to Getting Published
• The Elements of Style Bartleby.com
• The One Technique You Need to Turn Boring Writing into Compelling Words
• Toolkit for Making Written Material Clear and Effective CMS.gov
• Writing a Case Brief

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Writing Press Releases

• How to Write a Press Release [Free Press Release Template + Example]
• How to Write and Format a Press Release for E-mail Distribution
• PR.com Press releases
• Pet Peeves Of The Press
• Writers Resource Center

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Writing for the Web (Content marketing)

Graphic source: http://www.marketingcharts.com/online/content-marketing-research-reports-videospodcasts-said-effective-but-difficult-68494/attachment/ascend2-effective-difficult-content-types-june2016/

• 4 Psychological Principles That Will Make You Better At Content Marketing 2015
• 5 Bad Writing Habits to Drop Right Now Hubspot.com 5/2015
• 8 Clever Ways to Triple Your Content Output (and Traffic) Hubspot.com
• 9 Simple Ways to Write Stronger Introductions Hubspot.com 5/2015
• 23 Amazing 5-Minute SEO Copywriting Tips To Try Right Now
• A Data-Backed Approach to Writing Great Headlines [Infographic] Hubspot.com 5/2015
• Are You Messing Up Your Email Newsletter? How To Avoid Common Pitfalls Marketingland.com
• Copywriting Lessons From BuzzFeed's Worst Headlines [New Data] Hubspot.com 5/2015
• Estimating the Helpfulness and Economic Impact of Product Reviews: Mining Text and Reviewer Characteristics 2009
• F-Shaped Pattern For Reading Web Content Useit.com
• Here's What 2.7 Billion Social Shares Say About Online Publishing Marketingland.com 2014
• How Playing Devil's Advocate Will Improve Your Content
• How to Create a Writing Style Guide Built for the Web [Free Template] Hubspot.com
• How to Write Content That Engages Mobile Readers 2015
• How to Write Better Headlines [Infographic] Hubspot.com
• How to Write a Great Value Proposition [Infographic] Hubspot.com
• How to Write Subheads that Hook (and Re-hook) Your Readers
• How to Get People to Read Your Entire Blog Post Hubspot.com
• How to Write for the IntraNet Gooddocuments.com
• Identifying Content
• Low-Literacy Users Useit.com
• Newspaper Clipping Generator Fodey.com
• Search Ranking Factors Data Points to Importance of Quality Content 2014
• Social Media Writing Resources
• Strategic Use of the Internet
• The Anatomy of an Optimized Blog Post [Infographic] Hubspot.com
• The Psychology Behind Writing a Great Pitch
• Type Faster on a Smartphone, Tablet, or Laptop with Text Expansion Shortcuts Howtogeek.com
• WebCite
• Writing for the Web Useit.com

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Graphic source: https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/perfectionism-streamlined-writing-process

Graphic source: http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/andwriting-analysis

Graphic source: https://www.grammarcheck.net/simple-writing-tips/

Graphic source: http://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/spelling-techniques-patterns

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PUBLISHED ON THE WEB: June 23, 2000
R2,1340
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© Copyright 1999 - 2026 Betty C. Jung
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